A. Russian women started to gain equality earlier than women in the United States. In the former Soviet Union, men and women had access to equal education and job opportunities since that reflected the Soviet philosophy. After 1937, when the Soviet constitution declared that women and men had equal rights and responsibilities, women joined the workforce. Also, because millions of Russian men were away in the military during World War II, Russian women filled their places at work. Although Soviet women worked fulltime at their jobs, they also had the primary responsibility for taking care of the family. As soon as they finished their work, they had to shop, cook the evening meal, and perhaps wash, iron, or mend the family's clothes. U.S. women started to demonstrate that they could do the work of men during World War II.
B. Nonverbal communication, or body language, is used everywhere in the world. It is a very powerful means of communication, for it commnicates much more than spoken words.
One example of nonverbal communication is what occurs when parents smile at their child, they communicate love, acceptance, and reassurance. The child feels comfortable and safe since the smile signifies approval; therefore, the child is happy and well adjusted.
Another example of such communication is the image a person shows in puplic. When a woman is walking alone on an unfamiliar, possibly dangerous street and wants to appear confident, she walks quickly even though she may be tired. She walks with her shoulders straight, her head held high, and her eyes focused straight ahead. If somone is looking at her, she returns the glance without hesitation. In contrast, nervous woman appears afraid if she walks slowly with her shoulder and eyes down.
